What is botulism: everything about this dangerous disease

How is the diagnosis made?

The main form of diagnosis is through observation of symptoms. A consultation It is an important way to detect disease because, based on dietary history or other situations, doctors can rule out possible diseases with similar symptoms.

Os laboratory tests they are also important for detect the presence of the toxin in the bloodOR in the feces of the patient, and also in suspect foods. In case of wound botulism, the presence of the toxin is detected by blood test or wound tissue culture.

Should I go to hospital if I suspect botulism?

Simwithout a doubt. If you experience the above-mentioned symptoms, you should immediately consult your doctor or hospital emergency room.

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Is there a cure for botulism?

Yes, there is a botulinum antitoxin (ATB). Since this disease is rare and the antitoxin is difficult to acquire, since 2019 there has been a reserve, the National Strategic Reserve (RENAB). On 31 January 2025 the Directorate General of Health published the a norm which regulates its use and access.

What are the long-term consequences of botulism?

Since this is a serious disease, treatment requires hospitalization. In the case of an advanced state, hospitalization almost always takes place in intensive care and with the use of mechanical ventilation (ventilators). Hospitalizations can last several months.

A study regarding the quality of life after illness presents the following complaints:

• fatigue, weakness, dizziness, dry mouth, and difficulty lifting objects;
• difficulty breathing, caused by moderate effort;
• limitation in vigorous activities, such as walking and climbing stairs.

Frequently asked questions

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Is there a vaccine for botulism?

NO There is a vaccine to prevent botulism.

What foods cause botulism?

Foods most often associated with the disease include:

• Homemade vegetable preserves prepared and/or stored incorrectly. Specifically, low-acid foods, such as asparagus, green beans, beets and corn;
• cooked, cured and smoked meats in an artisanal way;
• fish fermented that has not been stored properly, or preserved fish homemade;
• or Mel it may contain botulism bacteria, therefore should not be given to children under one year of age.

👉 Find out more: Food storage: tips for storing food well

Does cooking destroy botulinum toxin?

From the beginning yes. Cooking food at 80°C for at least half an hour almost always destroys toxins.

How to prevent botulism?

The best way to prevent this disease is to pay attention to food preparation, storage, consumption and personal hygiene, namely:

• store food well and meet expiration dates;
• wash raw fruit and vegetables wellbefore eating them;
• cook well food;
• in the production of homemade preserves, ensure hygiene and sterilization of utensils and food, them pasteurization (heat treatment) and the warehousing adequate;
• throw away canned preservesif these are swollen;
• Do not give honey to children under 12 months of age;
• disinfect the deep wounds in health units.

Any clarification regarding the issues present in this article must be requested from the competent authorities or specialized professionals. In drafting this document, every effort has been made to provide correct and clear information. Generali Seguros, SA is not responsible for the outcome of any acts or actions decided or undertaken solely on the basis of the information contained in this document. Generali Seguros, SA does not intend, through this document, to provide medical advice, therefore the customer is encouraged to consult professionals to obtain the appropriate advice for his particular case.